Microbiology
Chlorhexidine gluconate is active against a broad spectrum of microbes. The chlorhexidine molecule, due to its positive charge, reacts with the microbial cell surface, destroying the integrity of the cell membrane, penetrating into the cell and precipitating the cytoplasm which leads to cell death. Studies with PerioChip® showed reductions in the numbers of the putative periodontopathic organisms Porphyromonas (Bacteriodes) gingivalis, Prevotella (Bacteriodes) intermedia, Bacteriodes forsythus, and Campylobacter rectus (Wolinella recta)
following placement of the chip. No overgrowth of opportunistic organisms or other adverse changes
in the oral microbial ecosystem were noted.
The relationship of the microbial findings to clinical outcome has not been established.